Nta gushidikanya, IT ni imyaka 10 igoye cyane mu nganda z’imyenda mu myaka 10 ishize, ubuzima bwa mbere bwa gakondo bwo gucuruza amashanyarazi y’uruhu ubuzima, kugeza mu myaka yashize, bake gusa bakwirakwijwe mu masosiyete y’imyambaro y’imyenda yiyongera, 90% by’amasosiyete ni kugabanuka, ariko igipimo cyibipimo cyahinduwe munganda zimyenda zifite hejuru ya 40%, ugereranije nizindi nganda, interineti gakondo yo kugurisha imyenda yibasiwe cyane.

Kubera iyo mpamvu, amaduka menshi yumubiri yatangiye kujya munzira ya e-ubucuruzi, ariko kubera kubura ikoranabuhanga rifatika, iduka akenshi rikenera kugira abakozi babiri, ikigo gishinzwe imiyoborere, iduka ryumuyoboro, gushora kabiri kubakozi. n'ibikoresho bifatika, ibisubizo birarenze.

Birakwiye, niba iduka ryinjiza amafaranga, ariko ubucuruzi bwo kumurongo nibyiza rwose gukora infact? Twese tuzi ko 90% yubucuruzi bwa e-bucuruzi kuri ntabwo byunguka muri iki gihe ， nka Alibaba. Iyo ufite ecosystem aho 90% byabantu badashaka amafaranga, nibwo buriwese agomba guhunga, kandi iyo ecosystem ntabwo arigihe kizaza cyo gucuruza imyenda.

Icyambere, reka ibitekerezo bihinduke kandi icyiciro cyubuzima kizaba gikuzebuhoro buhoro

Igihe kizaza giteye gite? Mu bihe biri imbere, amaduka gakondo acuruza amatafari n'amatafari azabura andi 50%, abazimira 50% kandi bazasigara ari 50% basigaye, bitewe ninde ushobora kwikiza.

Imyambarire y'abagore, imyambarire y'abagabo, siporo, imyambarire y'abagabo, hanze, ikirangantego kizwi, ibyiciro byose byatangiye gukura kandi amarushanwa arakomera. Icyiciro kiyobora ibirango bingana na 40% cyangwa birenga kuri buri cyiciro. Kuzamuka kwikirangantego kizwi mumyaka ibiri ishize, nta kirango cyuzuye cyubuyobozi.

Inganda zicuruza imyenda inzitizi nke zo kwinjira. Nyamara, urwego rusange rwabakora nababimenyereza muruganda ntiruringaniye, kandi benshi muribo bakora imyaka itari mike. Nabo bita abayobozi bazi ibitekerezo bimwe ariko bafite icyerekezo cyo hejuru ariko ubuhanga buke. Imyenda yo kugurisha, irashobora kumenya inganda, irashobora kwishora mubikorwa byose byo gucuruza.

Kugeza ubu, imyenda yo kugurisha igabanijwemo ubwoko bwa gakondo kandi bugurishwa vuba, kandi iterambere ryibanze riratinda. Mu mwaka wa 2010, ibirango mpuzamahanga bya FMCG byinjiye ku isoko ry’Ubushinwa ku rugero runini. Mugihe cya zahabu mumyaka yakurikiyeho, umuvuduko wububiko warihuse cyane, wagize ingaruka zikomeye kubicuruzwa byimyenda gakondo murugo. Byongeye kandi, iterambere rya e-ubucuruzi ku ngaruka z’ibicuruzwa gakondo byo mu gihugu nabyo ni inkuru ndende. Ariko, guhera mu 2015, ibyo bicuruzwa mpuzamahanga bigurishwa byihuse nabyo byatangiye kugenda gahoro, ndetse nabenshi muribo batangiye gufunga amaduka no kwagura imirongo yabo.

Ariko mumyaka yashize, ibirango byihuta bya pin bigerageza kunyura kumurongo wa interineti, ariko biragoye kubona amahirwe ashingiye kuriyi ngingo nini yo gukura.

Icya kabiri, ushaka guhindura ibitekerezo bike abitoza uko ibintu bimeze

Ibigo bishobora kubaho kandi bigakora neza mugihe kizaza bigomba kugira ibintu bine: ibyuma, software, interineti nibirimo. Kandi ibi bintu bine bigomba guhuzwa, byuzuzanya.

Abacuruzi b'imyenda izaza, ntabwo amaduka yose azashira, iduka ryibigo rizabaho, ariko birahari kandi ntibikiriho ububiko bwa interineti bwigabanyijemo ubwigenge, ariko guhuriza hamwe Byasangiwe OTO yose, iduka ryibigo ni ugutandukanya ubwinjiriro, ni ubujyakuzimu bwa serivisi aho bigera, ni uguha abakiriya uburambe nubumenyi bwamadirishya, ni ukuyobora abaguzi kumurongo wiyongera kumurongo nigice cyingenzi cyibikoreshwa.

Isuzuma ry'ejo hazaza h'amaduka acururizwamo, KPI ntikiri umwanditsi w’igurisha, ariko niba wubatse umubano ukomeye n’abaguzi, ikizere cy’abaguzi kuri wewe, cyaba kiyobowe na serivisi kuri interineti, gahunda nyinshi, uru ni urufunguzo rwa ahazaza h'ubucuruzi, hagomba kuba hafi yumuguzi, kugerageza gukusanya abaguzi uburyo bushya bwubucuruzi.

Icyitegererezo cyo gucuruza ejo hazaza kigomba kuba ingingo-ku-ngingo, umuntu-ku-muntu, kwegereza ubuyobozi abaturage no gutandukana, ubwoko bumwe, buringaniye, buringaniye kugeza kuri bitatu cyangwa ndetse bibiri. Nukuvuga ko, bitakiri nko mubihe byashize, hariho urwego rwabacuruzi, hariho urwego rumwe rwabakozi, ababikora ni abagurisha mu buryo butaziguye, n’umuguzi kugira ngo bagire umubano ukomeye.

A. Imikorere itaziguye yisosiyete irashobora gutanga ubuyobozi bwumwuga, kandi kugenzura isoko nibyiza.

B. Abakozi bamwe bafite igipimo cyakarere baramaze guhinduka cyangwa bahinduka mubigo byihariye.

C. Abakora benshi baracyari muburyo bwo kuragira intama, nta bushobozi bwo gusesengura amakuru, gucunga ububiko bwa terefone, amahugurwa no kwerekana. Icy'ingenzi cyane, bashingira ku bunararibonye bwabo no ku byiyumvo byabo, bityo rero buri gihe biragoye kugera ku ntera ishimishije.

Icya gatatud, Ni ubuhe bwoko bw'ishoramari no kugurisha amaduka yakoze nyuma ya revolution

Ububiko buzaba bumeze bute mugihe kizaza nuburyo bwo gushyira mubikorwa impinduka kugirango tubone umwanya wo gusangira cake muri iri soko rya miliyari nyinshi.

Byoroheje mugihe kizaza, ibicuruzwa byose mumaduka bifite qr code yabyo, kode yerekana ibisobanuro bitandukanye byibicuruzwa, iduka rifite uburambe butandukanye kandi ryerekana, birashobora kugurwa muburyo butaziguye, birashobora no kuba murugo kugura kumurongo, kumurongo no kumurongo amakuru yose yibicuruzwa, amakuru yabakiriya binyuze mumurongo wa tekinoroji ya IT kugirango tumenye gusangira kimwe, byose bifite interineti igendanwa.

Abantu bose bari aho bashimishijwe cyane nuburyo bushya bwububiko bwamatafari n'amatafari. Nyamara, ibigo bimwe bidatinze bibaza niba imyenda bakora ubu ari iy'abaguzi benshi, aho kuba imyenda yo mu rwego rwo hejuru kandi yujuje ubuziranenge. Ububiko nkubwo mugihe kizaza ntibukwiriye.

Mubyukuri, ububiko bw'ejo hazaza bugomba kugira imiterere itatu: imwe mu nyubako z'ibiro, imwe mu baturanyi, n'indi mu nkengero.

Muri rusange igishoro cy’ishoramari mu buryo bugenda buzamuka, ku gishya mu bakora inganda zicuruza imyenda, gushushanya amaduka, icyiciro cya mbere cy’ibicuruzwa n’abandi bashoramari ubu ni benshi cyane, bitewe n’ibicuruzwa bitandukanye bikora, ishoramari mu iduka muri rusange kuva 200.000-300.000 umurongo wo gutangira, ntabwo wafashwe. Kububiko bwishami bukorwa nubufatanye, ukwezi gutondekanya ukwezi ni iminsi 60. Mugihe inzu zicururizwamo hamwe ninguzanyo zidashimishije, inguzanyo yo kuguza irashobora kuba amezi 3 kugeza 5. Ibi nibihitana-byica kubakoresha illiquid.

Kugeza ubu, ibicuruzwa byerekana ibicuruzwa byo mu gihugu ahanini bishingiye ku gihe kizaza, ubusanzwe bishyirwa mu bihembwe bibiri mu mwaka. Ibiranga bimwe bikuze byashyizwe inshuro enye, kandi kenshi, hariho amanama atandatu. Ibihe bizaza bisaba ijanisha runaka ryokubitsa, byongera umuvuduko kumari shingiro.

Icya kane, kubara ninyungu zigihe kizaza cyumujyi wububiko

Kubijyanye nubucuruzi bw-abaguzi benshi, amaduka yumujyi wigihe kizaza arashobora kumukwira. Gukodesha ububiko buhendutse mucyaro cya kure gifite umwanya munini hanyuma ubihindure iduka rya futuristic kubacuruza imyenda, aho ibintu byose bishobora kugeragezwa kandi imyenda yose ihendutse kuruta kumurongo.

Muri icyo gihe, abakozi bose bakora umwuga wo gushushanya imyenda, mugihe abaguzi bagura hano, c nuwashushanyaga imyenda yegeranye, hamwe nubwubatsi nubwubatsi bwo guhitamo no kugura, umuguzi wese ashobora gukora iminota 5-10 yubushakashatsi bukenewe. , hanyuma nabashushanyije bafite inama zumwuga kugirango babaha urutonde rwimyenda yo guhitamo kugirango bahitemo kandi bahuze, amaherezo barashobora kubigerageza muburambe bwamaduka, hitamo imyenda ikwiye, inzira yubwoko bwose bwo kuri interineti irashobora kwishyura, hanyuma imyenda irashobora kugerwaho muminsi mike nyuma yo kohereza murugo.

Mu bihe biri imbere, uruganda ruzaba iduka ricuruza. Igihe cyose abahoze mu nzego zinyuranye bakuweho kandi inyungu nyinshi zisubizwa abaguzi, icyarimwe, abaguzi bazemera kumara igihe runaka nigiciro cyo kujya ahantu kure guhaha.

Ubike buri munsi (gukodesha, kugabanywa, andi mafaranga) mu isoko buri mwaka, umubare muto gusa wibirango bikomeye birashobora kugira imbaraga zimpaka.

Ibarura ryabaye ikibazo kinini mubucuruzi bwimyenda. Kugeza ubu, ibirango bitandukanye bifite ingamba zitandukanye zo gusya ibicuruzwa bitari ibihe byigihe kubera ikibazo cyumwanya. Ariko abakoresha benshi barimo gukururwa nububiko.

Muri rusange icyerekezo cyo kugurisha cyagiye cyiyongera uko umwaka utashye. Ku ruhande rumwe, ni ugukomeza amarushanwa y'ibirango; kurundi ruhande, ni ukumisha no kuroba abakora munganda kubipimo ngarukamwaka. Inyungu zinganda zisanzwe zigera ku 10%, kandi abakoresha benshi bafite intera iri munsi ya 10%.

Ku bigo, ntibishobora kuzigama ibiciro gusa, ahubwo birashobora no gusobanukirwa byimazeyo ibyo abaguzi bakeneye, ibyo bakunda ndetse namakuru, kugirango bashireho umubano wimbitse kandi ukomeye, bagere ku ngeso zikoreshwa cyane, kandi bazane indi mpinduramatwara mu nganda zose. .

Icya gatanu. Icyitegererezo cyabaturage mububiko buzaza

Tuvuge iki ku bubiko bw'icyitegererezo bw'abaturage bw'ejo hazaza? Serivise nicyizere biri mumutima wububiko bwabaturage.

Nkugurura iduka ryabaturage, mubaturanyi mubaturanyi hafi yabo bazaba bafite abaguzi batandukanye, bashobora kuba bafite ubumenyi bwabagore, hashobora kubaho umugore wo murugo, nibindi, ibyifuzo bya buri muntu biratandukanye, amaduka yabaturage agomba gukora ni gusobanukirwa ibyifuzo byabaguzi batandukanye, ubakorere ubudasanzwe, umugenzo hano ntabwo bivuze ko gukora imyenda, ahubwo kubwinshingano zabo, gukora nkumuguzi kubyo basabwa, guhitamo ibicuruzwa kuri bo, kuba bito kandi byiza, kuzigama ibiciro, bahitamo umwanditsi ashobora kohereza bitandukanye kwibutsa amakuru ukurikije abantu batandukanye, ni ubuhe bwoko bw'imyenda ishobora kuba nziza kuri wewe, wahisemo kuri wewe, Abaguzi kumurongo barashobora gushakisha no gutanga ibicuruzwa muburyo butaziguye, cyangwa bagashyiraho gahunda yo kubigerageza mububiko bwumubiri.

Mugihe abaguzi bizeye byimazeyo abafasha mumaduka mububiko bwabaturage kandi bagashyiraho umubano mwiza, barashobora guha abafasha kumaduka amahitamo menshi, nkimyenda yabandi bagize umuryango, ishobora kugenda buhoro buhoro ikenera ibindi bintu murugo. .

Igipimo cyo gutsinda k'umucuruzi mugihe kizaza kigomba kuba ubushobozi bwacyo bwo gukusanya abakoresha.

Icyifuzo cya mbere mugushushanya urwego rwagaciro rwisosiyete, urwego rwa mbere ni burigihe abakoresha, inganda zimyenda nazo zigomba gutya, abahora bakorana nabakoresha, kugurisha imyenda nabo ntibazi uwagurishije igihe cyarenze, bahindura ibitekerezo kandi bafite imyifatire myiza iburyo ukoreshe interineti na interineti igendanwa ni uruganda rugurisha imyenda kugirango wirinde kuba impinduramatwara, byanze bikunze inzira yo kuva mu itumba rikonje.

2019-2020 shuffle imiterere ihinduka

Ibirango binini bifite imbaraga zikomeye bizahindura buhoro buhoro uburyo bwo kuzamura imishinga, kumenyekanisha ikirango gishya n’abacuruzi uburyo bwo guhuza ingaruka, kandi bigashyiraho ingufu…

Ibicuruzwa bifite ubushishozi, bisa n’ibigo byagiye bivugururwa kandi byahinduwe cyane mu myaka yashize, kimwe n’ibicuruzwa bishya bishyushye byo mu matsinda, bikomeza kuzamuka bivuye mu bururu, kandi bikomeza kwagura umugabane wabo ku isoko bishingiye. ubushobozi bwo guhindura byihuse ibyateganijwe no gukurikirana ibicuruzwa mumasahani mato, kimwe nubushyuhe hamwe nibikorwa byiza byububiko…

Ni ryari amaduka yimyenda acuruza azaba adafite abadereva? Reka bidashoboka, mubihe byashize iyo nta modoka, amafarashi yirukaga mumuhanda, nta kontineri, hamwe nabatwara ibicuruzwa bakoraga ku kivuko, ubwenge bwubukorikori bushobora gukora ibintu byinshi none abimenyereza shingiro mugihe kizaza bashobora gusimburwa gusa nibabikora ntibitezimbere.